Linear Flooring
The floor function [a] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to a. For x and y strictly between 0 and 1, the probability of [2x]+[2y] being 1 is 1/2.
Number Bases
The standard number system we use today is called decimal numbers, or base 10, meaning at every digit, we count to 9 before carrying one to the next smallest digit.